In babies born early, the blood vessels of the retina have not finished growing. In some, these vessels grow abnormally. This is retinopathy of prematurity, or ROP.
Which babies need screening
Babies born early or with low birth weight, and those who were unwell after birth, need retina checks. In India, screening is generally advised for babies born before 34 weeks or weighing under 2,000 grams, and for others the neonatal team considers at risk. Your neonatologist will tell you if your baby needs screening and when.
What happens at the check
- Drops widen the baby’s pupils
- An eye specialist examines the retina, sometimes with a small instrument to hold the eyelids open
- Checks are repeated every one to two weeks until the retina is mature
Treatment
Most ROP improves on its own. When it reaches a certain stage, treatment with laser or an injection is needed within days to protect vision.
Timing matters. ROP can progress quickly and has no visible signs. Please attend every screening appointment, even after your baby goes home.
Later checks
Babies born early have a higher chance of short sight, squint and lazy eye, so regular eye checks through childhood are important.
Frequently asked questions
Does ROP screening hurt my baby?
It can be uncomfortable for a short time. Numbing drops and comfort measures are used, and the check is quick.
If my baby looks at me normally, can we skip screening?
No. ROP causes no visible signs in early stages. Only a retina exam can detect it.
Sources
This article is for general information and does not replace an examination by an eye doctor. If you have symptoms, please book a consultation.