Glaucoma is one of the leading causes of permanent blindness worldwide. What makes it dangerous is how quietly it works. Most people with the common form feel no pain and notice nothing until a large part of their vision is gone.
How glaucoma damages vision
Glaucoma harms the optic nerve, which connects the eye to the brain. Higher pressure inside the eye is the main risk factor, but damage can happen even at normal pressure. Side vision fades first. The brain fills in the gaps, so the loss goes unnoticed for years.
Are you at risk?
- You are over 40
- A close family member has glaucoma
- You have diabetes or high blood pressure
- You are very short-sighted or long-sighted
- You use steroid medicines for a long time
- You have had an eye injury
If any of these apply, an eye pressure and optic nerve check every year is a sensible habit.
The warning signs you should never ignore
A less common type, acute angle-closure glaucoma, comes on suddenly. Seek urgent care if you have a painful red eye with blurred vision, rainbow halos around lights, headache, nausea or vomiting.
Treatment works, if started in time
Vision lost to glaucoma cannot be restored, but treatment can stop or slow further damage. Daily eye drops, laser treatment and surgery all lower eye pressure. The key is to keep taking treatment and attend regular reviews, even when your eyes feel fine.
Find out about glaucoma testing and treatment at our clinics, or book a glaucoma check.
Frequently asked questions
Is glaucoma hereditary?
Having a parent, brother or sister with glaucoma increases your risk, so start regular checks earlier.
Can young people get glaucoma?
Yes, though it is more common after 40. Babies can also be born with glaucoma.
Sources
This article is for general information and does not replace an examination by an eye doctor. If you have symptoms, please book a consultation.