India has one of the largest numbers of people with diabetes in the world, and many are not aware that diabetes can quietly damage the eyes. The good news is that most serious vision loss from diabetes can be prevented when it is caught early.
What is diabetic retinopathy?
The retina is the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye. Over time, high blood sugar weakens its tiny blood vessels. They can leak fluid, bleed or grow abnormally. When fluid collects in the centre of the retina, called the macula, reading and recognising faces become hard.
Why you might not notice
In the early stages there is no pain and vision usually stays normal. By the time you notice blurred vision, floaters or dark patches, the disease may already be advanced. That is why screening matters even when you feel fine.
How often to get checked
- Type 2 diabetes: at diagnosis, then at least once a year
- Type 1 diabetes: within a few years of diagnosis, then yearly
- Pregnancy with diabetes: early in pregnancy and as advised
- More often if retinopathy has already been found
What happens at the exam
We check your vision, then use drops to widen your pupils so the doctor can see the whole retina. Scans such as OCT may be used to look for swelling. The drops blur vision for a few hours, so bring someone to drive you home.
Protecting your eyes every day
- Keep blood sugar, blood pressure and cholesterol in the range your doctor advises
- Stop smoking
- Take your medicines regularly
- Never skip your yearly eye exam
Our retina and diabetic eye care service is available at all three clinics. Book a diabetic eye check.
Frequently asked questions
Does diabetic retinopathy affect both eyes?
It usually affects both eyes, though one may be worse than the other.
Can I drive home after a dilated eye exam?
It is safer not to. Your vision may be blurred and sensitive to light for a few hours.
Sources
This article is for general information and does not replace an examination by an eye doctor. If you have symptoms, please book a consultation.