Keratitis is inflammation of the cornea. When infection causes an open sore, it is called a corneal ulcer. It can threaten sight within days, so prompt treatment is essential.
Common causes
- Bacteria, fungi, viruses or amoebae
- Sleeping or swimming in contact lenses, or poor lens hygiene
- Injury from a leaf, stick, crop or other plant matter, which can cause fungal infection
- Dry eye or eyelid problems that leave the cornea exposed
- Using steroid eye drops without supervision
Symptoms: see a doctor the same day
- Eye pain, not just irritation
- Redness
- Sensitivity to light
- Blurred vision
- Discharge or a white spot on the dark part of the eye
Treatment
Your doctor will examine the cornea with a microscope and may take a small sample to identify the organism. Treatment is with frequent antibiotic, antifungal or antiviral drops, sometimes hourly at first, and close follow-up. Severe ulcers may need further procedures.
Prevention
- Follow our contact lens safety rules
- Wear protective glasses for farming, gardening and work with plants
- See a doctor promptly after any eye injury
Frequently asked questions
Can a corneal ulcer heal on its own?
It should never be left untreated. Infections can worsen quickly and leave scars that affect vision.
Will I need surgery?
Most ulcers heal with intensive drops. A few severe cases need procedures such as a corneal transplant.
Sources
This article is for general information and does not replace an examination by an eye doctor. If you have symptoms, please book a consultation.